Each Flipped Learning Module (FLM) is a set of short videos and online activities that can be used (in whole or in part) to free up class time from content delivery for greater student interaction. At the end of the module, students are asked to fill out a brief survey, in which we adopt the minute paper strategy. In this approach, students are asked to submit their response to two brief questions regarding their knowledge of the module.
In this FLM, students are asked to complete a fill-in-the-blank outline which accompanies all three videos, covering the topic of integrating direct quotations in academic writing. The completed outline will enhance the students’ note-taking skills and will serve as a summary of the FLM that they may refer to in the future.
Key Terms
scholarly conversation, direct quotations, integrating quotes, signal verbs, sources, in-text citation, accuracy & context, MLA style
Module Overview
- Direct Quotations
- The Importance of Direct Quotations in Your Writing
- How to Choose and Use Quotations
- Integrating Quotes into Your Writing
- The Importance of Quotation Integration in Your Writing
- How to Integrate Quotes Effectively
- Review: Important Guidelines
- Online Activity
- In-Text Citations
- The Importance of In-Text Citations in Your Writing
- How to Create In-Text Citations in MLA Style
- In-Class Activity/Worksheet
Download Video Transcripts
Worksheet: Quotation Integration Outline
Please fill out the following outline while you are watching the videos, and bring a copy to class.
- In your academic writing, it is important to include direct quotations from your sources in order to:
- __________________________________________________
- __________________________________________________
- Direct quotations are also useful to:
___________________________________________________________________________
- By acknowledging counterarguments to your own position, you are letting your reader know that:
___________________________________________________________________________
- Generally, you will want to restrict yourself to introducing only _________________ quotations per paragraph.
- It is important to keep in mind the following when deciding in favor of a paraphrase over a quote:
- __________________________________________________
- __________________________________________________
- Quotation Integration is a process of:
- __________________________________________________
- __________________________________________________
- In a “quote sandwich”, your quotation serves as ______________________ while the top layer of bread
represents _______________________________________________________, and the bottom layer of bread represents ___________________________________________.
- In order to integrate your quote effectively, follow the steps below:
- (Step 1):__________________________________________________
- (Step 2):__________________________________________________
- (Step 3):__________________________________________________
- The three methods (mentioned in the videos) to integrate quotations into your own sentence are as follows:
- (Method 1):__________________________________________________
- (Method 2):__________________________________________________
- (Method 3):__________________________________________________
- In-text citations are:__________________________________________________
- In-text citations are important because:__________________________________________________
Download Outline
Video 1: Direct Quotations
Video 2: Integrating Quotes into Your Writing
NOTE: At 5:04 in this video, there is an error on the slide. Instead of a color ( : ), which the presenter is describing, the slide erroneously displays a semi-colon ( ; ). All other punctuation is correct.
Quotation Integration & In-text Citation Online Activity 1
Below is the quotation from Leonard’s article “Death by Monoculture,” which was used earlier in the video.
“We are on the road to the fastest rate of linguistic and cultural destruction in history” (Leonard 146).
Integrate the quote above using as many verbs from the list of signal verbs provided earlier that can logically fit the meaning of the quote. Try to alternate between integrating the quote with a comma, integrating with a colon, and integrating with “that.”
Briefly explain your verb and punctuation choices, and submit your response to your instructor.
Video 3: In-Text Citations
Quotation Integration & In-text Citation Survey
Please answer the following two questions, and submit the responses to your instructor.
- What was the one most important thing you learned from this module?
- Do you have any unanswered questions for me?
Quotation Integration & In-text Citation In-Class Activity: Option 1
Use the quotation integration and in-text citation guidelines established in the flipped learning module to correct the integration and citation errors in each of the sentences below. Pay attention to punctuation before the quotation, to the information provided in the parenthetical citation, and to punctuation surrounding the citation. Note: Sentences contain multiple errors–correct them all!
- Polanki repeatedly begins paragraphs with the conjunction “and,” which stresses the informal nature of her essay, “And so, with the new invasion… And so the Afghan government… And so the stage was set… (Polanki, 168).”
- Making a provocative comparison between EFL teachers and Christian missionaries, the author insists: “Like the Christian missionaries who came before them, many are young, have blind faith in the beliefs they’ve grown up with and are eager to make their mark on the world. (174)”
- Through her inclusion of the anecdote from Smitha Roy, Sharma further stresses the importance of learning local Indian languages. “Somehow, even my parents conversed with me and my sisters generally in English, perhaps because we went to a convent school. I ensure Aahana learns Kannada from her grandparents. I don’t want her to feel she did not get the opportunity to learn any other language.” (page 165)
- To shift to her final point in the essay, Traves asks a rhetorical question, “Can students fight back” (177)?
- Polanki’s stresses her point of view of the expansion of English through the American presence in Afghanistan when she declares that “with the new invasion has come the demand for a new language” (Polanki 168)
Download Worksheet 1
Download Digital Implementation of the Activity
Quotation Integration & In-text Citation In-Class Activity: Option 2
Below is a short passage taken from Stephen Pax Leonard’s essay “Death by Monoculture.” Read the passage, and then follow the directions below.
“When languages die, we do not just lose words, but we lose different ways of conceptually framing things.”
Now, create sentences in which you integrate some or all of the quotation above using each of the three methods detailed in the video and signaled below. You are welcome to quote portions of the passage or the entire thing. Make sure to include a proper parenthetical citation at the end of each of your sentences to credit the source.
Create a sentence in which you integrate the quotation using…
- an independent clause and a colon (:)
- an introductory phrase or dependent clause and a comma (,)
- a grammatically correct sentence requiring no punctuation
Download Worksheet 2
Download Digital Implementation of the Activity
Quotation Integration & In-text Citation In-Class Activity: Option 3
Quotation Integration & In-text Citation In-Class Activity: Option 4
Journalists follow a different set of guidelines than we do in formal academic writing. The structure of a journalistic news article generally incorporates several short paragraphs, and quotations often lack formal framing. Read
a short article from an Indian news outlet about International Mother Language Day and its reception in India. In this article, the author, Ishita Sengupta, quotes several tweets from Indian citizens who have taken to Twitter to voice their opinions about the holiday. As you read, pay attention to how the author integrates the quoted tweets.
You may have noticed that the quotations involve little contextual information and often repeat the same signal verbs in the past tense. Select two different quotations (tweets) and frame them more effectively with your own writing. In other words, create a more effective quote sandwich for each of the tweets following the three steps outlined in the video.
Quote Sandwich #1:
Quote Sandwich #2:
Download Worksheet 4
Download Digital Implementation of the Activity
References
Bennett-Zendzian, Amy. “Effective Paraphrasing (Handout).”
Boston University Educational Resource Center, Internal Resource, 2016.
Bouman, Kurt. “Raising Questions About Plagiarism.” ESL Writers: A Guide for Writing Center Tutors, 2nd ed., edited by Shanti Bruce and Ben Rafoth, 2004, pp. 161-175.
ERC Staff. “ERC Writing Assistance Presentation: Avoiding Plagiarism.” Boston University Educational Resource Center, Internal Resource, 2017.
“Avoiding Plagiarism.” The Purdue OWL, Purdue U Writing Lab, 2017.
“Self-Test.” Plagiarism Resource Site, Center for Educational Technology, Colby College, Bates College and Bowdoin College.
